A healthy state? Geopolitics, health, and safety: A keynote presentation for the European Conference of Law Enforcement and Public Health
This article is related directly to the First European Conference on Law Enforcement and Public Health (LEPH) held in Umea, Sweden in May 2023.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.352Keywords:
Neoliberalism, commercial determinants of health, public health, community safety, sovereign individuals, offshoring, populism, oligarchy, super-rich, information revolution, disinformationAbstract
Law enforcement and public health agencies operate in the context of their national government policies and resources. But improving and protecting health and community safety are made more difficult by four dark geopolitical forces which have been accelerating in recent years. Neoliberalism is driving governments to pursue low tax, low regulation small-state policies and aiding the expansion of uncontrolled globalization and colonialization of health-damaging manufacturing and services by multinational companies. The “Sovereign individuals,” first described in 1997, are the super-rich who have mastery over information technologies to avoid taxes and hide their wealth from governments. The vast offshoring of wealth has led to increasing inequalities in wealth and health, between rich and poor, further adding to civil distrust and unrest. Loss of revenues prevents government funding of health, welfare, and public protection whilst creating greater need for it. To explain the increasing poverty and harshness of life for the masses, there has been a rebirth and rise of populism. This has accelerated political corruption, created culture wars, fomented distrust of others, and added to global political instability. The information revolution has influenced all of these: it has created its own dark geopolitical force through the explosion of social media and industrial disinformation undermining individual critical thinking and democratic processes. Law enforcement and public health agencies face the consequences of these dark forces in their daily work, but they also need to understand more and develop more effective partnership responses to counter the worst excesses of the new geopolitical realities.
Downloads
References
Beelman, M., Campbell, D., Ronderos, M. T., & Schelwig, E. J. (2000, January 31). How smuggling helps lure generations of new smokers. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/jan/31/duncancampbell
Britannica Dictionary. (n.d.). Geopolitics. In Britannica.com Dictionary. https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/geopolitics#:~:text=Britannica%20Dictionary%20definition%20of%20GEOPOLITICS
Cadwalladr, C., & Graham-Harrison, E. (2018, March 17). Revealed: 50 million Facebook profiles harvested for Cambridge Analytica in major data breach. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election
Cannane, S. (2022). Before war in Ukraine, London was a glitzy playground for Russia’s richest families. ABC News Australia. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-04-04/why-the-uk-is-cracking-down-on-russias-oligarchs/100916296
Carroll, P. E. (2002). Medical police and the history of public health. Medical History, 46, 461–494. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/E531A8218359FEFB8014B0301EBFFA5D/S0025727300069702a.pdf/medical_police_and_the_history_of_public_health.pdf
Conversation. (2023). Articles on Russian trolls. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/uk/topics/russian-trolls-58864
Davidson, J. D., & Rees-Mogg, W. (1997). The sovereign individual: How to survive and thrive during the collapse of the welfare state. London: Touchstone.
Dearden, L. (2017, August 30). Pro-Brexit Twitter account with 100,000 followers could be part of Russian “disinformation campaign.” The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/david-jones-pro-brexit-ukip-twitter-account-russia-fake-bot-troll-trump-disinformation-followers-social-media-a7920181.html
Edelman Trust Barometer. (2022). Edelman Trust Barometer. https://www.edelman.com/sites/g/files/aatuss191/files/2022-01/2022%20Edelman%20Trust%20Barometer%20FINAL_Jan25.pdf
Harding, L. (2016, April 3). Revealed: the $2billion trail that leads to Vladimir Putin. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2016/apr/03/panama-papers-money-hidden-offshore
Hayek, F. A. (1944). The Road to Serfdom: with The Intellectuals and Socialism. Routledge. Republished by the Institute of Economic Affairs, 1999. https://cdn.mises.org/Road%20to%20serfdom.pdf
Hern, A. (2017, November 14). How a Russian “troll soldier” stirred anger after the Westminster attack. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/nov/14/how-a-russian-troll-soldier-stirred-anger-after-the-westminster-attack
Herre, B. (2022.) The world has recently become less democratic. OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/less-democratic
Hoe, C., Taber, N., Champagne, S., & Bachani, A. M. (2020). Drink, but don’t drive? The alcohol industry’s involvement in global road safety. Health Policy and Planning, 35(10), 1328–1338, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaa097
Hoffman, S., Taylor, E., & Bradshaw, S. (2019.) The market of disinformation. Oxford Technology and Elections Commission (OXTEC) and Oxford Internet Institute. https://oxtec.oii.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/OxTEC-The-Market-of-Disinformation.pdf
Horton, R. (2023). Offline: We must engage in a war of position. The Lancet, 401(10387), 1483. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00900-5
Hughes, H. C., & Waismel-Manor, I. (2021). The Macedonian fake news industry and the 2016 US election. PS: Political Science & Politics, 54(1), 19–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096520000992
Hurst, D. (2015, December 18). Australia wins international legal battle with Phillip Morris over plain packaging. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/dec/18/australia-wins-international-legal-battle-with-philip-morris-over-plain-packaging
ICIJ. (2016, April 3). The Panama Papers overview: Giant leak of offshore financial records exposes global array of crime and corruption. International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. https://www.icij.org/investigations/panama-papers/20160403-panama-papers-global-overview/
Jackson, R. R., Rowell, A., & Gilmore, A. B. (2021). “Unlawful Bribes?”: A documentary analysis showing British American Tobacco’s use of payments to secure policy and competitive advantage in Africa. UCSF: Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qs8m106
Jamison, A. M., Broniatowski, D. A., & Crouse Quinn, S. (2019). Malicious actors on Twitter: A guide for public health researchers. American Journal of Public Health, 109, 688–692. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.304969
Kuttner, R. (2019, June 25). Neoliberalism: Political success, economic failure. American Prospect Magazine. https://prospect.org/economy/neoliberalism-political-success-economic-failure/
Marko, S., Thomas, S. L., Pitt, H., & Daube, M. (2023). The impact of responsible gambling framing on people with lived experience of gambling harm. Frontiers in Sociology, 8, Article 1074773. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1074773.
McKee, M., Belcher, P., & Kosinska, M. (2012, October 27). The EU Tobacco Products Directive must not be derailed. The Lancet, 380(9852), 1447–1448. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)6177
Mckee, M. & Middleton, J. (2019) Information wars: Tackling the threat from disinformation on vaccines. BMJ, 365, l2144. https://www.bmj.com/content/365/bmj.l2144.full
McKee, M., van Schalkwyk, M. C. I., & Stuckler, D. (2019). The second information revolution: Digitalization brings opportunities and concerns for public health. European Journal of Public Health, 29(Suppl. 3), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz160
Mohammed Ashrof, V. A. (2021, April 12). Impact of social media on our attention span and its drastic aftermath. Countercurrents.org https://countercurrents.org/2021/04/impact-of-social-media-on-our-attention-span-and-its-drastic-aftermath/
Navarro, V. (2007). Neoliberalism as a class ideology; Or, the political causes of the growth of inequalities. International Journal of Health Services, 37(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.2190/AP65-X154-4513-R520.
Neate, R. (2022, February 17). London laundromat: How a golden Visa scheme created a UK haven for dirty money. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/feb/17/london-laundromat-how-golden-visa-scheme-created-uk-haven-for-dirty-money
Oreskes, N., & Conway, E. M. (2010). Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming. Bloomsbury Press.
Oxfam. (2014). Behind the brands campaign: https://www.behindthebrands.org/about/ Graphic: https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/these-10-companies-make-a-lot-of-the-food-we-buy-heres-how-we-made-them-better/
Oxfam International. (2021). The inequality virus. https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/621149/bp-the-inequality-virus-250121-en.pdf
Perri, F. S., & Brody, R. G. (2011). The dark triad: Organized crime, terror and fraud. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 14(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.1108/13685201111098879
Reich, R. (2011, September 3). Great prosperity 1947–77 vs great regression 1981-? New York Times. Accessed via https://ritholtz.com/2011/09/great-prosperity-1947-1977-vs-great-regression-1981-present/
Roberts, D. (2017, May 19). Donald Trump and the rise of tribal epistemology. Vox. https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/3/22/14762030/donald-trump-tribal-epistemology
Stone, J. (2022, March 3). Tory party chairman’s company deletes webpage about Russia “elite” connections. The Independent https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tory-chair-ben-elliot-russia-elite-b2027521.html
Titeca, K., Joossens, L., & Raw, M. (2011). Blood cigarettes: Cigarette smuggling and war economies in central and eastern Africa. Tobacco Control, 20, 226–232.
ThoughtCo. (2023). What is populism? Definition and examples. https://www.thoughtco.com/populism-definition-and-examples-4121051
Tobacco Tactics. (2020, February 4). Philip Morris vs the Government of Uruguay. https://tobaccotactics.org/article/philip-morris-vs-the-government-of-uruguay/
Tobacco tactics. (2021a, September 14). British American Tobacco dirty deeds in Africa. https://tobaccotactics.org/article/bat-africa-dirty-deeds/
Tobacco tactics. (2021b, April 27). Illicit tobacco trade. https://tobaccotactics.org/article/illicit-tobacco-trade/
Transparency International. (2023). Corruption perceptions index. https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2022
United Kingdom Faculty of Public Health. (2018). Negotiating a healthier trade policy for the UK: Blueprint for a public health approach to post-Brexit trade agreements. https://www.fph.org.uk/media/2444/a-blueprint-for-a-public-health-approach-to-post-brexit-trade-negotiations.pdf
UK Parliament, Health Select Committee. (2000). Supplementary memorandum by Action on Smoking and Health: Tobacco smuggling (TB 18B). Select committee on Health minutes of evidence. Parliament. https://web.archive.org/web/20160610123805/https:/publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmhealth/27/0021602.htm
Walker, S. (2015, April 2). The Russian troll factory at the heart of the meddling allegations. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/02/putin-kremlin-inside-russian-troll-house
Walsh, J. P. (2020). Social media and moral panics: Assessing the effects of technological change on societal reaction. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877920912257
Webber, E. (2022, March 7). Why Britain’s Tories are addicted to Russian money. Politico. https://www.politico.eu/article/britain-tories-russian-money-oligarch/
WHO FCTC. (2003). Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. WHO FCTC. https://fctc.who.int/publications/i/item/9241591013
Wikipedia. (2023). The Beveridge Report. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beveridge_Report
Yekelchyk, S. (2022, June 2). Opinion | Sorry, Mr. Putin. Ukraine and Russia are not the same country. Politico. https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/02/06/ukraine-russia-not-same-country-putin-ussr-00005461
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright of any article published in the Journal of CSWB is retained by the Author(s). Authors grant the Journal a License to Publish their article upon acceptance. Articles published in the Journal are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 license. For commercial re-use, please contact SG Publishing Inc. (sales@sgpublishing.ca).